https://sj.jst.go.jp/news/202509/n0917-02p.html

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09249-8

A joint research group from the National Cancer Center Japan and other institutions have discovered a new gut microbiota that enhance the treatment effectiveness of “cancer immunotherapy,” which strengthens the immune system’s ability to attack cancer cells. About 20% of Japanese people are believed to carry these bacteria. The research group aims to develop therapies that will be effective for more patients, including those who previously showed low response to this treatment.

Experiments in mice showed that the newly identified bacteria from the Ruminococcaceae family activated dendritic cells, which are considered the command center of the immune system, and T cells which infiltrate cancer tissues.

According to the National Cancer Center Research Institute, preparations for clinical applications are already underway with a startup company originating from the Center.